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Last updated: Fri, 10 Oct 2008

is_callable

(PHP 4 >= 4.0.6, PHP 5)

is_callable — Verify that the contents of a variable can be called as a function

Description

bool is_callable ( mixed $var [, bool $syntax_only [, string &$callable_name ]] )

Verify that the contents of a variable can be called as a function. This can check that a simple variable contains the name of a valid function, or that an array contains a properly encoded object and function name.

Parameters

var

Can be either the name of a function stored in a string variable, or an object and the name of a method within the object, like this:

array($SomeObject, 'MethodName')

syntax_only

If set to TRUE the function only verifies that var might be a function or method. It will only reject simple variables that are not strings, or an array that does not have a valid structure to be used as a callback. The valid ones are supposed to have only 2 entries, the first of which is an object or a string, and the second a string.

callable_name

Receives the "callable name". In the example below it is "someClass::someMethod". Note, however, that despite the implication that someClass::SomeMethod() is a callable static method, this is not the case.

Return Values

Returns TRUE if var is callable, FALSE otherwise.

Examples

Example #1 is_callable() example


<?php
//  How to check a variable to see if it can be called
//  as a function.

//
//  Simple variable containing a function
//

function someFunction() 
{
}

$functionVariable = 'someFunction';

var_dump(is_callable($functionVariable, false, $callable_name));  // bool(true)

echo $callable_name, "\n";  // someFunction

//
//  Array containing a method
//

class someClass {

  function someMethod() 
  {
  }

}

$anObject = new someClass();

$methodVariable = array($anObject, 'someMethod');

var_dump(is_callable($methodVariable, true, $callable_name));  //  bool(true)

echo $callable_name, "\n";  //  someClass::someMethod

?>


The PHP's function is_callable not verify the visibility of the tested method.



The following function uses the Reflection classes of the PHP5 to check it.



<?php



/**

 * Function is_callback().

 *

 * @param mixed $var Var

 * @return bool

 */

function is_callback($var)

{

    if (is_array($var) && count($var) == 2) {

        $var = array_values($var);

        if ((!is_string($var[0]) && !is_object($var[0])) || (is_string($var[0]) && !class_exists($var[0]))) {

            return false;

        }

        $isObj = is_object($var[0]);

        $class = new ReflectionClass($isObj ? get_class($var[0]) : $var[0]);

        if ($class->isAbstract()) {

            return false;

        }

        try {

            $method = $class->getMethod($var[1]);

            if (!$method->isPublic() || $method->isAbstract()) {

                return false;

            }

            if (!$isObj && !$method->isStatic()) {

                return false;

            }

        } catch (ReflectionException $e) {

            return false;

        }

        return true;

    } elseif (is_string($var) && function_exists($var)) {

        return true;

    }

    return false;

}



?>

rahadotaboulfethatgmail.com
02-Mar-2008 01:44


is_callable generates an [E_STRICT] error if the  tested method cannot be called staticly. (and returns the good value)



I used @is_called 

i'm using php 5.2.1

crestfresh at gmail dot com
17-Feb-2008 06:23


Furthuring mw's note [is_callable correctly takes into account scope so that is_callable(array($obj, 'privateMethod'))  correctly returns false when called from outside $obj's scope]:



It works in 5.1.6 too.

Quis strrev TA omicidio strrev TOD com
14-Nov-2007 12:50


is_callable() does _not_ check wheter this function is disabled by php.ini's disable_functions



use:



<?PHP

function is_disabled($function) {

  $disabled_functions=explode(',',ini_get('disable_functions'));

  return in_array($function, $disabled_functions);

}

?>



I`m running PHP 5.2.4

mw at NO-SPAM hire mason wolf dot com
19-Oct-2007 04:35


As empyone noted, early versions of php 5 incorrectly returned true if is_callable checked on a protected or private method. Later versions of php 5 will now only return true if the method is public and can be called externally. I do not know precisely when this behavior was changed, so you may have to test on your own. But sometime between 5.0.4, which empyone said he was using, and 5.2.4 where I tested it myself, the behavior was modified.

cipri at php dot net
15-Jun-2007 04:24


is_callable also takes the php.ini "disable_functions" setting into consideration; it will return false for functions that have been disabled by your administrator.

hcblue
24-Aug-2006 10:51


True that method_exists() is faster than is_callable(). However, is_callable() will be able to correctly recognize method calls handled by __call() in PHP 5, while method_exists() will not.

jphp at dsf dot org dot uk
12-Feb-2006 12:38


bob at theshirdshift:



"function_exists" doesn't do this, no, but "method_exists" works fine, and is still faster than is_callable:



<?php

function doTimes($start, $end)

  {

   $start_time = explode (" ", $start);

   $start_time = $start_time[1] + $start_time[0];

   $end_time = explode (" ", $end);

   $end_time = $end_time[1] + $end_time[0];

   $time = $end_time - $start_time;

   return $time;

  }



class test

  {

     function test()

     {

         return true;

     }

  }

 

$test = new test;



$callableIsTrue = false;

$startIsCallable = microtime();

for($i = 0; $i < 10000; $i++)

  {

     if(is_callable(array('test', 'test'))) { $callableIsTrue = true; }

  }

$endIsCallable = microtime();



$existsIsTrue = false;

$startExists = microtime();

for($i = 0; $i < 10000; $i++)

  {

     if(method_exists('test', 'test')) { $existsIsTrue = true; }

  }

$endExists = microtime();



$timeIsCallable = doTimes($startIsCallable, $endIsCallable);

$timeExists    = doTimes($startExists, $endExists);



echo "<b>is_callable = ".($callableIsTrue ? "TRUE" : "FALSE")."</b>, \n";

echo "<b>method_exists = ".($existsIsTrue ? "TRUE" : "FALSE")."</b><br>\n";



echo "<br>Did 10000 is_callables in ".$timeIsCallable." seconds";

echo "<br>Did 10000 method_exists in ".$timeExists." seconds";

?>



is_callable = TRUE, method_exists = TRUE



Did 10000 is_callables in 0.410346984863 seconds

Did 10000 method_exists in 0.175447940826 seconds

yetanotheruser at hotmail etc
15-Dec-2005 03:47


I have come across a strange oddity in versions around the 4.3.11 mark - I may have missunderstood the purpose of this function but hope this'll be helpful for some.



The point the code below is supposed to illustrate is that in some cases with 



    <? $myFunc = Array( $myObj, 'myMethod' ); ?>



    <? is_callable( $myFunc, true, $callMe ); ?>



will return true, and give you $callMe set to myObj::myMethod but calling 



    <? $callMe(); ?>



doesn't work... however calling



    <? $myFunc[0]->$myFunc[1](); ?>



seems to work fine..



... the reason all the code is down there is I think this oddity is due to how/the order in which I've instantiated my classes or something... 



anyhow... HTH someone! :-)



Code follows:



FILE 1 :

<?

    include('myTools');

    

    $foo = new myClass();

    

    print $foo->getMySource();

    

    class myClass{

        

        var $flibble = 'wibble';

        

        function myClass(

            // Initialise loads of stuff.. including..

            $this->tools = new myTools();

        )

        

        function getMySource(){

            // This just returns the source.. ok, like some HTML to go into an email for example.

            // Some arguments;

            $args   = $this->flibble;

            // Call our Tool that returns the source.. 

            $source = $this->tools->returnSource( Array ( $this, 'someHTML' ), $args );

            // and return it..

            return ( $source );

        }

        

        function someHTML($args){

            // Leave PHP

            ?>

            Here is some HTML.. that we want to build outside a PHP block,

            possibly just cos it's tidier in <B>your favourite text editor</B>.. 

            .. or you want this function to be elsewhere.. for your designers

            to play with etc.. ... incidentally I'd like to say "<?=$args?>" etc.

            <?

            // .. and we're back.

        }

    }

    

?>



FILE 2:



<? 

    /* OK - this is some other big library and a whole load more

       faff but this is the particular function in question... it

       just calls the function it's been asked to and uses an output

       buffer to grab the output and return it as a string rather than

       letting it go to terminal/browser.... useful for grabbing PHP pages

       for spidering, emailing etc. etc. etc..

    */

    

    class myTools(){

        

        function returnSource($func, $args){

            

            if ( is_callable ( $func, true, $callMe ){

                // Start a buffer

                ob_start();

                // Calling the function like this DOESN'T seem to work:

                // ~~~~~~~~

                // "Command not found : myClass::someHTML"

                // $callMe($args);

                // ~~~~~~~~

                // But - what I've discovered is that this behaves fine..

                if ( is_array($func) ){

                    $func[0]->$func[1]($args);

                } else {

                    $func($args);

                }

                // Then we just carry on with our code.. 

                $rtn =     ob_get_contents();

                ob_clean();

                return ( $rtn );

            } else {

                error_log("Doh!");

            }

        }

    }

    

?>

empyone at tiscalinet dot it
08-Nov-2005 09:41


To corey at eyewantmedia dot com:



your misunderstanding lies in passing in the naked $object parameter. It is correct for is_callable to return FALSE since you cannot 'call an object', you can only call one of its methods, but you don't specify which one. Hence:



is_callable(array($object, 'some_function'), [true or false], $callable_name)



will yield the correct result.



Notice, though, that a quick test I made (PHP 5.0.4) showed that is_callable incorrectly returns TRUE also if you specify the name of a protected/private method from outside of the context of the defining class, so, as wasti dot redl at gmx dot net pointed out, reflection is the way to go if you want to take visibility into account (which you should for true OOP, IMHO).

wasti dot redl at gmx dot net
09-Oct-2005 01:14


The way to discover whether a method exists in face of a __call is reflection.



It should be mentioned that although array('Test', 'func') is callable according to this function (where func is a public static method of Test), actually calling this construct as $fn() fails.

corey at eyewantmedia dot com
19-Mar-2005 12:39


I've been spending a month on and off trying to figure out why



is_callable($object, [true or false], $varContainingFunctionName)



returned false when it should not have (ie: $object->FunctionName() was callable), I realized I must have misunderstood its purpose. If you find yourself in the same situation, try



function_exists(string functionname)



or



method_exists ( object object, string method_name )



before you rip your hair out :)

mcroghan at digitalkeg dot com
11-Feb-2005 04:36


Be careful when using this function and __call (PHP5).  This function will always report true when using __call.



Need a specific function for the purpose of checking if a class method exists explicitly even when using __call.



Haven't ruled out the possibility of the existence of such a function yet.  So if someone knows of one, please point it out.

bob at thethirdshift dot net
23-Jun-2004 06:54


I, too, was wondering whether is_callable or function exists is faster when checking class methods.  So, I setup the following test:



<?php

function doTimes($start, $end)

  {

    $start_time = explode (" ", $start);

    $start_time = $start_time[1] + $start_time[0];

    $end_time = explode (" ", $end);

    $end_time = $end_time[1] + $end_time[0];

    $time = $end_time - $start_time;

    return $time;

  }



class test

  {

      function test()

      {

          return true;

      }

  }

  

$callableIsTrue = false;

$startIsCallable = microtime();

for($i = 0; $i < 10000; $i++)

  {

      if(is_callable(array('test', 'test'))) { $callableIsTrue = true; }

  }

$endIsCallable = microtime();



$existsIsTrue = false;

$startExists = microtime();

for($i = 0; $i < 10000; $i++)

  {

      if(function_exists('test::test')) { $existsIsTrue = true; }

  }

$endExists = microtime();



$timeIsCallable = doTimes($startIsCallable, $endIsCallable);

$timeExists     = doTimes($startExists, $endExists);



echo "<b>is_callable = ".($callableIsTrue ? "TRUE" : "FALSE")."</b>, \n";

echo "<b>function_exists = ".($existsIsTrue ? "TRUE" : "FALSE")."</b><br>\n";



echo "<br>Did 10000 is_callables in ".$timeIsCallable." seconds";

echo "<br>Did 10000 function_exists in ".$timeExists." seconds";

?>



This gives the output :



is_callable = TRUE, function_exists = FALSE



Did 10000 is_callables in 0.0640790462494 seconds

Did 10000 function_exists in 0.0304429531097 seconds



So the fact that function_exists is twice as fast is slightly over shadowed by the fact that it doesn't work on class methods, at least not as far as I can tell.

webmaster __AT__ digitalanime __DOT__ nl
04-Apr-2004 12:30


<?php

while(list($key,$value)=each($HTTP_POST_VARS))

{

  $tmpVar = 'return isset($' . 'this->' . $key . ');';

  if(is_callable($key) && eval($tmpVar) && trim($value) != "")

  {

  $tmpSet = '$this->set' . ucfirst($key) . "('" . $value . "');";

   eval($tmpSet);

}

} 

?>

Why do you use this?



Isn't this a better solvation (or.. Whatever :P)



<?php

foreach($_POST as $key => $value)

{

 if(is_callable($key) && isset($this->{$key}) && trim($value != '')

 {

  $this->{'set' . ucfirst($key)}($value);

 }

}

?>



Tada.. Variable objects, that's what they are..

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